In Japan, mizuhiki (decorative cord) is the traditional art of tying decorative knots with colorful cords. It has deep cultural significance. Creating these knots requires skill, precision, and an understanding their symbolic meanings. This practice dates back to the seventh century. While some foreigners view mizuhiki simply as decoration, it holds a deeper meaning for the Japanese, symbolizing respect and gratitude.
People carefully consider every detail of gift-giving, whether for weddings, ceremonies, or holidays. Mizuhiki plays a central role in ensuring thoughtfully presented gifts. Keep reading as we explore this Japanese knot-tying art, from its meaning and history to its uses.
What is mizuhiki?
Mizuhiki is a Japanese knot-tying art that uses washi (traditional paper) cords. The paper is twisted and hardened with starch and water to create durable yet flexible cords. These cords are dyed in various colors, each carrying a symbolic meaning based on the knot tied. Traditional mizuhiki colors include red, white, gold, and silver for celebrations, while black, white, and silver are for somber events.
Though these color rules remain, modern mizuhiki is used more freely for decorating gifts, envelopes, ornaments, and accessories. More than decoration, mizuhiki represents care, thoughtfulness, and connection between the giver and receiver. It also serves as a seal, ensuring the gift remains unopened, and as an amulet, warding off bad spirits.
How was it developed?
Mizuhiki is believed to have arrived in Japan from China in the seventh century, where the papermaking techniques were developed. It was initially used in the imperial court. It remained exclusive to aristocratic circles for centuries but became more widespread during the Edo period (1608–1868).
Since mizuhiki is strong and flexible, it was once used as a hair accessory. Originally, mizuhiki was used by samurai to tie their hair, later becoming a decorative accessory for women. Sumo wrestlers still incorporate mizuhiki into their hairstyles, and historically, it was also used to secure kakemono (hanging scrolls).
Over time, mizuhiki became closely linked to gift-giving, adorning presents, envelopes, and greeting cards. While it originally featured tying ornate knots, modern mizuhiki designs now include animals such as fish, dragons, and turtles. They also feature flowers, boats, and other shapes, each carrying its own symbolic meaning.
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When do people in Japan use the art of tying knots?
The various events that include the use of mizuhiki vary, ranging from celebrations to memorials. Any special occasions that require a gift, card, or envelope will typically justify the inclusion of a mizuhiki-wrapped item. Here are a few instances of when Japanese people use the art of mizuhiki!
Weddings and Celebrations
Mizuhiki is commonly used in Japan for bridal gifts and celebratory events. Specially tied knots adorn envelopes containing monetary gifts, symbolizing well wishes for the couple’s future. The choice of colors, such as red and white or gold and silver, represents happiness, prosperity, and longevity.
Funerals and Condolences
In somber occasions like funerals, mizuhiki is used to express condolences. Black, white, and silver cords are tied in a way that signifies the one-time nature of the event, as these knots are not meant to be untied. This tradition reflects the deep respect and thoughtfulness in Japanese mourning customs.
Seasonal Festivals and Gifts
During seasonal festivals and gift exchanges, mizuhiki adds a decorative and meaningful touch to presents and envelopes. Whether given for New Year’s, birthdays, or business occasions, the intricate knots symbolize the connection between giver and receiver, reinforcing relationships through the beauty of this ancient art.
Are there any mizuhiki workshops I can attend?
Mizuhiki workshops are a great way to learn the traditional Japanese art of decorative knot-tying with washi cords. These workshops are available in Japan and internationally, offering hands-on experiences where participants create intricate designs.
In Tokyo, places like Komorebi Shopprovide structured courses covering basic to advanced techniques, even offering instructor certifications. Similarly, Tsuda Mizuhiki Orikata in Kanazawa, a century-old shop, hosts workshops where participants craft elegant floral or spherical mizuhiki designs. These sessions teach knot-tying skills while exploring the cultural meanings behind different patterns and colors.
Museums and cultural centers outside Japan offer mizuhiki workshops for those eager to experience this art form. In North America, the Nikkei National Museum & Cultural Centre in Canada hosts classes where participants create paper ornaments and decorations.
In the U.S., the Arching Oaks Center offers beginner-friendly sessions introducing the fundamental materials and techniques of mizuhiki. These workshops allow attendees to craft unique designs for personal accessories, gift wrapping, and home décor. Whether in Japan or abroad, mizuhiki workshops provide a chance to engage with this centuries-old tradition while creating meaningful art.
Why should I try the art of tying knots?
People enjoy mizuhiki because it’s a unique craft that blends tradition and creativity. Learning mizuhiki helps you connect with Japanese culture while developing patience and precision through knot-tying. Whether for gift wrapping, accessories, or decorations, the designs have symbolic meanings, adding depth to each piece.
The skills gained can be useful for creating personalized gifts or adding thoughtful details to various occasions. Have you heard of mizuhiki before? What do you think about this traditional art form? Share your thoughts in the comments below!
